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Normal negative tb test pictures2/29/2024 ![]() Discuss the risks and benefits with families, this may take some time. ![]() Seek specialist advice if unsure, and for all children with contact with resistant TB disease or HIV/complex medical conditions.Consider drug interactions and check product information - rifampicin is a cytochrome p-450 enzyme inducer, and INH inhibits the metabolism of several drugs, including anticonvulsants and benzodiazepines.Discuss alcohol intake with adolescents.Check hepatitis status before commencing INH - if hepatitis and abnormal LFTs discuss with a gastroenterologist and an infectious diseases specialist, alternative regimens may be considered.Other (rare) side effects include immediate type reactions, peripheral neuritis (prevented by B6, increased risk with poor nutrition) GIT upset and haematological problems. It is usually well tolerated in children and adolescents. INH complications (mainly hepatitis) occur most frequently in adults >35 years, especially if co-morbid alcohol intake.B6 is also used with INH in adults who have risk factors for neurotoxicity (diabetes, alcohol use, renal disease, epilepsy, HIV, pregnancy, lactation). Consider vitamin B6 in addition to INH in breastfed infants, adolescents and children with poor nutrition.11 Dosing is 10 mg/kg (range 7-15 mg/kg, maximum 300 mg daily, available in 100 mg tablets only, no syrup form). 6H = 6 months of daily isoniazid remains an alternative. In children with LTBI, 6 months preventive treatment with isoniazid (INH) reduces the risk of developing TB disease by 50-90%.The TST is the preferred first line screening test in children aged 50kg).Estimated 4-year risk (with imputation) was 56.0% in children 1 cm diameter in the neck, >1.5 cm in the axilla and >2 cm in the groin and do not improve with a 1 week of anti-staphylococcal antibiotics. Following exposure, the risk of progression to TB disease is highest in young children (=10mm) was 11.1% overall (14.5% with imputation), and highest in the first 5 months for children 0-14 years. Primary disease is the more common form in children, reactivation disease is the more common form in adolescents and adults. TB disease may be primary disease (occurring directly after initial infection) or reactivation disease (occurring after a latent period that may be many years). ![]() 1 Transmission occurs by exposure to aerosolised droplets from people with respiratory infection. Approximately one third of the world's population is infected, although only 5-10% of people with infection develop TB disease. Tuberculosis (TB) is due to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ![]()
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